Which of the following is a common method of biological pest control?

Introducing natural predators or parasites to reduce pest populations is a well-established method of biological pest control. This approach leverages the natural relationships in ecosystems, where certain organisms, such as insects or microorganisms, can control pest populations without the need for synthetic chemicals.

For example, releasing ladybugs can help manage aphid populations, or introducing parasitic wasps can control caterpillar pests. This method is often more sustainable and environmentally friendly compared to chemical pesticides, as it aims to restore balance in the ecosystem rather than disrupt it.

In contrast, the other methods listed do not align with the principles of biological pest control. Using synthetic pesticides involves applying chemical solutions that can harm non-target species and lead to resistance in pest populations. Planting monocultures reduces biodiversity, which can actually create an environment that is more susceptible to pest outbreaks, thus requiring more intervention. Increasing pesticide application rates similarly contributes to environmental harm and potential health risks, rather than utilizing biological mechanisms to manage pests effectively.